Obesity surgery is a highly significant process for patients. Proper planning of the preoperative phase of obesity surgery is essential for the success of the procedure, as this process directly impacts the success of the surgery.

Medical Evaluations Before Obesity Surgery

Obesity surgery is considered one of the most effective treatments for obesity today. Patients who adhere to post-operative instructions and remain committed to diet and exercise programs can lose nearly 50% of their current weight. Therefore, this process enables patients to overcome obesity.

Although these treatments are highly effective, they are not suitable for every patient. To determine the suitability of obesity surgery for obese patients, a series of medical evaluations must be conducted as part of the preoperative process of obesity surgery. The medical evaluations in the preoperative process of obesity surgery include:

• Patient History

  • First and foremost, the patient’s history is taken. Understanding when and how weight gain started is crucial for treatment. During this process, no detail should be overlooked. If patients are not willing to share their stories in detail, the assistance of a psychologist can be sought.

• Blood Tests

  • Following the patient history, comprehensive blood tests are conducted. These tests aim to investigate whether there are underlying diseases behind the causes of obesity in patients. Additionally, the results of blood tests are the initial indicators of patients’ suitability for treatment.

• Psychological Assessment

  • The success of obesity surgery is closely related to the patient’s psychology. Understanding why patients are undergoing surgery, what they expect after surgery, and what their exact expectations are is essential. Additionally, what patients can expect after surgery is conveyed to them during this assessment.

  • Dietary and lifestyle changes are not as easy as they may seem. Patients must be as prepared as possible for this process from a psychological standpoint. Those who are not psychologically prepared for such a process will not undergo treatment. This is because the success of these treatments requires not only surgery but also the post-operative process.

• Evaluation of the Heart and Respiratory System

  • Despite the patient’s body mass index indicating suitability for surgery, an evaluation of the heart and respiratory system is necessary to determine the appropriateness of the surgical procedure. Patients with advanced heart or lung problems will not be eligible for surgery.

  • For surgical eligibility, patients’ respiratory systems must function smoothly, and their hearts must be healthy enough to withstand the surgery. Detailed evaluations are conducted to determine this.

• Assessment of Risks

  • Obesity surgeries are surgical procedures, and like all surgical procedures, they come with risks. The risks associated with surgery exist here as well. Patients must be informed about these risks.

  • In addition to surgical risks, risks related to obesity treatment are also discussed. These may include vitamin and mineral deficiencies, dumping syndrome, and the necessary diet and exercises for the success of the procedure.

How Should Nutrition Be Before Obesity Surgery?

Patients often wonder about the nature of their nutrition before surgery and whether they should follow a restricted diet during this period. It is important to remember that the decision belongs to the doctor, taking the patient’s condition into account.

Depending on the patient’s condition, a diet may be recommended before surgery. Typically, a diet that is rich in protein and low in carbohydrates and fats is followed during this period. The diet is designed to be manageable, taking the patient’s psychology into account.

In the days leading up to the surgery, patients are advised to avoid heavy, high-calorie foods and opt for lighter options. Additionally, it is crucial to stop eating and drinking at least 8-12 hours before surgery.

What to Consider Before Obesity Surgery

Proper planning and adherence to the plan are essential for the success of the preoperative process of obesity surgery. Here are some things to consider during this process:

• Smoking and Alcohol: Smoking and alcohol should be discontinued. If discontinuation is not possible, a break from smoking and alcohol should start at least 1-2 weeks before surgery.

• Clothing: Comfortable clothing should be worn when coming to the hospital.

• Valuables: Valuable jewelry and items should not be brought to the hospital.

• Accompanying Person: Arrangements should be made for someone to accompany the patient during their stay in the hospital.

• Post-Discharge Support: There should be someone available to provide support in the first few days after discharge, as patients will need rest.

The preoperative preparations for obesity surgery are crucial for the success of the procedure. Patients must follow the instructions provided by their doctor and adhere to them.